Acute traumatic brain injury (concussion, brain injuries of varying severity, subdural, epidural and intracerebral hematomas)

Gunshot wound to the head

Chronic subdural hematoma

Consequences of traumatic brain injury (bone defect of the skull, traumatic nasal and ear CSF leaks, traumatic paresis facial nerve, traumatic optic nerve damage, vegetative state)

Spontaneous nasal CSF leak

Brain abscesses

Subdural empyema

Hydrocephalus (post-traumatic; normal pressure)

Arachnoid cyst of the brain

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension

Updated 06 March 2023